ISACA Journal Article
Working Toward a White Box Approach
It has long been the assumption that, once built, all computer systems are Turing machines—that is, devices that perform one small, deterministic step
at a time—and are, therefore, deterministic in nature
Authors: Sandipan Gangopadhyay, Stuart Mcguigan, Vijay Chakravarthy, Dheeraj Misra and Sumit Tyagi